A Japanese Buddhist leader, Daisaku Ikeda, and a British sociologist, Brian Wilson, discuss the role of religion and its connections to the main ethical and social problems of our time. Their dialogue focuses on the role and importance of religion and religious sentiment for both the individual and society as a whole. The positive potential of religious doctrines for the inner development of human beings and the proper functioning of society emerges. However, the authors do not fail to highlight the risks associated with the institutionalization of religious movements and the use of religion as a tool for control and power.